Native trees of New Zealand, ordered by Māori name:
| aka | Metrosideros fulgens | Myrtaceae | |||||
| akakiore/kaiku/kaikuku | Parsonsia capsularis | Apocynaceae | New Zealand jasmine | ||||
| akakura | Metrosideros carminea | Myrtaceae | |||||
| akapuka/puka | Griselinia lucida | Griseliniaceae | (Related to Aucuba. Griselinia littoralis, kapuka, is "Broadleaf") | ||||
| akatawhiwhi | Metrosideros fulgens | Myrtaceae | Rata vine | ||||
| akatea | Metrosideros albiflora | Myrtaceae | White rata | ||||
| akeake | Dodonaea viscosa | Sapindaceae | ("Purpurea" is a popular variety) | ||||
| akeake | Olearia avicenniaefolia | Asteraceae | |||||
| akeake | Olearia traversii | Asteraceae | (Chatham Island Akeake) | ||||
| akepiro | Olearia furfuracea | Asteraceae | |||||
| akiraho | Olearia paniculata | Asteraceae | |||||
| arorangi | Olearia macrodonta | Asteraceae | |||||
| ewekuri | Paratrophis banksii | Moraceae | |||||
| haekaro | Pittosporum umbellatum | Pittosporaceae | |||||
| hakeke | Olearia ilicifolia | Asteraceae | New Zealand holly | ||||
| hangatare | Olearia semidentata | Asteraceae | |||||
| hangehange | Geniostoma ligustrifolium | Loganiaceae | |||||
| harakeke | Phormium tenax | Agavaceae | (New Zealand Flax) | ||||
| haumakaroa | Neopanax or Pseudopanax simplex | Araliaceae | |||||
| haumangaroa | Pseudopanax edgerleyi | Araliaceae | ("raukawa" hoki) | ||||
| heketara | Olearia rani | Asteraceae | |||||
| hinau | Elaeocarpus dentatus | Elaeocarpaceae | |||||
| hoho | Pseudopanax chathamicum | Araliaceae | |||||
| horoeka | Pseudopanax crassifolium | Araliaceae | (Lancewood) | ||||
| horokaka | Disphyma australe | [[]] | |||||
| horopito? | Pseudowintera axillaris | Winteraceae | |||||
| horopito | Pseudowintera colorata | Winteraceae | (Pepper Tree) | ||||
| houhere | Hoheria populnea | Malvaceae | (Lacebark) (Note that the most valuable genus in the Malvaceae family is Gossypium, the cotton plant) | ||||
| houhi | Hoheria glabrata | Malvaceae | (Mountain ribbonwood) | ||||
| houhi puruhi | Hoheria angustifolia | Malvaceae | |||||
| houmapara | Pseudopanax lessonii | Araliaceae | |||||
| houpara/parapara | Pseudopanax lessonii | Araliaceae | |||||
| hungere | Hoheria angustifolia | Malvaceae | |||||
| huperei | Gastrodia cunninghamii | Orchidaceae? | |||||
| hupiro | Coprosma foetidissima | Rubiaceae | |||||
| hutu | Ascarina lucida | Chloranthaceae | (when young, can be confused with pukatea) | ||||
| inanga | Dracophyllum longifolium | Epacridaceae | (Grass tree) | ||||
| kahikatea | Podocarpus/Dacrycarpus dacrydioides | Podocarpaceae | (White Pine) | ||||
| kaihua | Parsonsia heterophylla | Apocynaceae | New Zealand jasmine | ||||
| kaikawaka/pahautea/ | Libocedrus bidwillii | Cupressaceae | Southern cedar; Mountain cedar; "discovered by Bidwill in Nelson in 1840 | ||||
| kaikomako | Pennantia corymbosa | Icacinaceae | (Said to be the principal tree into which the seeds of fire fled during the contest between Maui and Mahuika; the best wood for firesticks) | ||||
| kaiku/akakiore/kaikuku | Parsonsia capsularis | Apocynaceae | New Zealand jasmine | ||||
| kaikuku/akakiore/kaiku/ | Parsonsia capsularis | Apocynaceae | New Zealand jasmine | ||||
| kaiweta/mahoewao | Melicytus lanceolatus | Violaceae | |||||
| kaiwhiria | Parsonsia capsularis | Apocynaceae | |||||
| kamahi | Weinmannia racemosa | Cunoniaceae | |||||
| kanono | Coprosma australis | Rubiaceae | |||||
| kanuka | Leptospermum ericoides | Myrtaceae | (Tea-tree) | ||||
| kapuka | Griselinia littoralis | Griseliniaceae | ("Broadleaf") | ||||
| karaka | Corynocarpus laevigatus | Corynocarpaceae | New Zealand laurel | ||||
| karamu | Coprosma robusta | Rubiaceae | |||||
| karangu | Coprosma lucida | Rubiaceae | |||||
| karapapa | Alseuosmia macrophylla | Caprifoliaceae | |||||
| karo | Pittosporum crassifolium | Pittosporaceae | (used for shelterbelts on the Scilly Isles) | ||||
| kātote | ? | ? | ? | ||||
| kauri | Agathis australis | Araucariaceae | ("discovered" by Marion du Fresne, 1772, Bay of Islands; 29 Mei 1772 the first one to be felled by a pakeha; related to Norfolk Island Pine, Australian bunya-bunya, and Chilean monkey-puzzle) | ||||
| kawaka | Libocedrus plumosa | Cupressaceae | New Zealand cedar | ||||
| kawakawa | Macropiper excelsum | Piperaceae | (Pepper tree) | ||||
| keketerehe | Olearia chathamica | Asteraceae | |||||
| kiekie | Freycinetia banksii | Pandanaceae | |||||
| kiokio | Blechnum capense | [[]] | |||||
| kiwakiwa | Blechnum fluviatile | [[]] | |||||
| kohekohe | Dysoxylum spectabile | Meliaceae | New Zealand mahogany | ||||
| kohia | Tetrapathaea tetranda | Passifloraceae | New Zealand passion flower | ||||
| kohuhu | Pittosporum tenuifolium | Pittosporaceae | (misnamed "matipo"; many varieties; flourishes in Cornwall) | ||||
| kohurangi | Senecio kirkii | Asteraceae | |||||
| kokohurangi | Senecio kirkii | Asteraceae | |||||
| kokomuka | Hebe elliptica | Scrophulariaceae | |||||
| kokomuka taranga | Hebe parviflora | Scrophulariaceae | |||||
| konini/kotukutuku | Fuchsia excorticata | Onagraceae | |||||
| kopukapuka | Myosotidium hortensia | Boraginaceae | Chatham Island forget-me-not | ||||
| korau/mamaku | Cyathea medullaris | Cyatheaceae | (Black tree fern) | ||||
| korokio | Corokia cotoneaster | Cornaceae | |||||
| korokio taranga | Corokia buddleioides | Cornaceae | (collected by Allan Cunningham, 1826, Bay of Islands) | ||||
| koromiko | Hebe salicifolia | Scrophulariaceae | (leaf bud has a sinus) | ||||
| koromiko | Hebe stricta | Scrophulariaceae | (leaf bud has no sinus) | ||||
| koru | Colensoa/Pratia physaloides | Lobeliaceae | |||||
| kotukutuku/konini | Fuchsia excorticata | Onagraceae | (Tree fuchsia - the largest of the species; "discovered" by Banks and Solander, 1769) | ||||
| kowhai | Sophora microphylla | Fabaceae | |||||
| kowhai | Sophora tetraptera | Fabaceae | |||||
| kowhai-ngutukaka | Clianthus puniceus | Fabaceae | (Kaka-beak; "one of the few plants formerly cultivated by the Maori for ornament") | ||||
| kumarahou | Pomaderris kumeraho | Rhamnaceae | |||||
| kurikuri | Aciphylla squarrosa | Umbelliferae | Speargrass | ||||
| mahoe | Melicytus ramiflorus | Violaceae | (Whiteywood) | ||||
| mahoewao/kai-weta | Melicytus lanceolatus | Violaceae | |||||
| maire | Gymnelaea (or Nestegis) cunninghamii | Oleaceae | (Black maire) | ||||
| maire | Gymnelaea (or Nestegis) lanceolata | Oleaceae | (White maire) | ||||
| mairehau | Phebalium nudum | Rutaceae | |||||
| makaka | Plagianthus divaricatus | Cunoniaceae | (Shore Ribbonwood) | ||||
| makamaka | Ackama rosaefolia | Cunoniaceae | |||||
| makomako | Aristotelia serrata | Elaeocarpaceae | (Wineberry) | ||||
| mamaku/korau | Cyathea medullaris | Cyatheaceae | (Black tree fern) | ||||
| manakura | Melicytus micranthus | Violaceae | |||||
| manatu | Plagianthus betulinus | Cunoniaceae | (Ribbonwood; the largest NZ deciduous tree. Tuhoe called it "houhi-ongaonga", believing that ongaonga eventually became manatu, which they called "houhi".) | ||||
| mangeao | Litsea calicaris | Lauraceae | |||||
| manuka | Leptospermum scoparium | Myrtaceae | (Tea-tree; many variants, including "Huia", "Kea", "Kiwi", "Kotare", "Ruru", "Tui", "Wairere", and "Weka")) | ||||
| mapou/matipou | Myrsine australis | Myrsinaceae | |||||
| matai | Podocarpus spicatus | Podocarpaceae | |||||
| matata | Rhabdothamnus solandri | Gesneriaceae | ("waiuataua" hoki") | ||||
| matipo | Myrsine salicina | Myrsinaceae ("mapou" hoki; cf kohuhu) | |||||
| matipou/mapou | Myrsine salicina | Myrsinaceae | |||||
| mingimingi/taumingi | Cyathodes juniperina | Epacridaceae | |||||
| miro | Podocarpus ferrugineus | Podocarpaceae | |||||
| monoao | Dacrydium kirkii | Podocarpaceae | |||||
| napuka/titirangi | Hebe speciosa | Scrophulariaceae | |||||
| neinei | Dracophyllum latifolium | Epacridaceae | |||||
| neinei | Dracophyllum traversii | Epacridaceae | (Mountain nei nei) | ||||
| ngaio | Myoporum laetum | Myoporaceae | |||||
| nikau | Rhopalostylis sapida | Palmae | (Nikau Palm) | ||||
| niniwa | Gaultheria oppositifolia | Ericaceae | |||||
| orooro | Gymnelaea (or Nestegis) montana | Oleaceae | |||||
| pahautea/kaikawaka | Libocedrus bidwillii | Cupressaceae | Southern cedar | ||||
| parapara | Heimerliodendron brunonianum | Nyctaginaceae | (found also in Australia) | ||||
| parapara/parapara | Pseudopanax lessonii | Araliaceae | "rakau tino mania" | ||||
| pate | Schefflera digitata | Araliaceae | |||||
| patete | Schefflera digitata | Araliaceae | |||||
| poataniwha | Melicope simplex | Rutaceae | |||||
| pohutukawa | Metrosideros excelsa | Myrtaceae | (New Zealand Christmas Tree) | ||||
| ponga | Cyathea dealbata | Cyatheaceae | (Silver Fern) | ||||
| porakaiwhiri | Hedycarya arborea | Monimiaceae | (Pigeonwood. "Discovered" in 1769 by Banks and Solander at Anaura Bay.) | ||||
| poroporo | Solanum aviculare | Solanaceae | |||||
| poroporo | Solanum laciniatum | Solanaceae | |||||
| puawhananga | Clematis paniculata | Ranunculaceae | |||||
| puheretaiko | Senecio reinoldii | Asteraceae | (Muttonbird Scrub) | ||||
| puka/akapuka | Griselinia lucida | Griseliniaceae | |||||
| puka/pukanui | Meryta sinclairii | Araliaceae | |||||
| pukanui/puka | Meryta sinclairii | Araliaceae | |||||
| pukapuka/rangiora | Brachyglottis repanda | Asteraceae | |||||
| pukatea | Laurelia novae-zelandiae | Monimiaceae | |||||
| punga | (Tree ferns generally) | ||||||
| puriri | Vitex lucens | Verbenaceae | |||||
| putaputaweta | Carpodetus serratus | Escalloniaceae | (Marble-leaf) | ||||
| ramarama | Lophomyrtus bullata | Myrtaceae | |||||
| rangiora/pukapuka | Brachyglottis repanda | Asteraceae | |||||
| rata | Metrosideros robusta | Myrtaceae | |||||
| rata | Metrosideros umbellata | Myrtaceae | (Southern Rata or Ironwood) | ||||
| rauhuia | Linum monogynum | Linaceae | |||||
| raukana | |||||||
| raukawa/haumangaroa | Pseudopanax edgerleyi | Araliaceae | |||||
| raukumara | Senecio perdicioides | Asteraceae | |||||
| rautawhiri | Pittosporum colensoi | Pittosporaceae | |||||
| rautini | Senecio huntii | Asteraceae | |||||
| rewarewa | Knightia excelsa | Proteaceae | (New Zealand Honeysuckle) | ||||
| rimu | Dacrydium cupressinum | Podocarpaceae | (Red Pine) | ||||
| rohutu | Lophomyrtus obcordata | Myrtaceae | |||||
| tainoka | Carmichaelia cunninghamii | Fabaceae | |||||
| tainui | Pomaderris apetala | Rhamnaceae | |||||
| tamingi | Epacris pauciflora | Epacridaceae | |||||
| tanekaha | Phyllocladus trichomanoides | Podocarpaceae | |||||
| tanguru | Olearia albida | Asteraceae | |||||
| tara-a-maui/tara-a-maiu | Pseudopanax crassifolium var. trifoliatum | Araliaceae | |||||
| tarairi | Beilschmiedia taraire | Lauraceae | |||||
| taranga | Pimelea longifolia | Thymelaeaceae | |||||
| tarata | Pittosporum eugenioides | Pittosporaceae | (Lemonwood; used by Maori for aromatic gum and ointment) | ||||
| tataramoa | Rubus cissoides | Rosaceae | (Bush Lawyer) | ||||
| tauhinu/tawhini | Cassinia fulvida | Asteraceae | (Cottonwood) | ||||
| taumingi/mingimingi | Cyathodes juniperina | Epacridaceae | |||||
| taupata | Coprosma repens | Rubiaceae | |||||
| taurepo | Rhabdothamnus solandri | (New Zealand Gloxinia) | |||||
| tawa | Beilschmiedia tawa | Lauraceae | |||||
| tawapou | Planchonella novo-zelandica | Sapotaceae | |||||
| tawari | Ixerba brexioides | Escalloniaceae | |||||
| tawheowheo | Quintinia serrata | Escalloniaceae | |||||
| tawhero/towai | Weinmannia silvicola | Cunoniaceae | |||||
| tawhirikaro | Pittosporum cornifolium | Pittosporaceae | |||||
| tete-a-weka | Olearia angustifolia | Asteraceae | |||||
| ti | Cordyline | Agavaceae | (Cabbage tree) | ||||
| ti-kauka | Cordyline australis | Agavaceae | (Cabbage tree)
| ||||
| tī kōuka | |||||||
| ti-ngahere | Cordyline banksii | Agavaceae | (Cabbage tree) | ||||
| ti-rauriki | Cordyline pumilio | Agavaceae | (Cabbage tree) | ||||
| titirangi/napuka | Hebe speciosa | Scrophulariaceae | |||||
| titoki | Alectryon excelsus | Sapindaceae | |||||
| toatoa | Phyllocladus alpinus | Podocarpaceae | (Mountain Toatoa) | ||||
| toatoa | Phyllocladus glaucus | Podocarpaceae | |||||
| toii | Cordyline indivisa | Agavaceae | (Cabbage tree) | ||||
| toro | Myrsine salicina | Myrsinaceae | |||||
| toru | Persoonia toru | Proteaceae | |||||
| totara | Podocarpus totara | Podocarpaceae | |||||
| totorowhiti | Dracophyllum strictum | Epacridaceae | |||||
| towai/tawhero | Weinmannia silvicola | Cunoniaceae | |||||
| tupare | Olearia colensoi | Asteraceae | |||||
| turepo | Paratrophis microphylla | Moraceae | (Milk Tree) | ||||
| turu | |||||||
| waiuatua/matata | Rhabdothamnus solandri | Gesneriaceae | |||||
| whakataka | Corokia macrocarpa | Cornaceae | |||||
| wharangi | Melicope ternata | Rutaceae | |||||
| wharariki | Phormium cookianum | Agavaceae | (Mountain Flax) | ||||
| whau | Entelea arborescens | Tiliaceae | (Related to South African "Sparmannia") | ||||
| whauwhaupaku | Neopanax or Pseudopanax arboreum | Araliaceae | (Five-finger) | ||||
| whauwhi | Hoheria lyallii | Malvaceae | (Mountain ribbonwood) | ||||
| whe | Cyathea smithii | Cyatheaceae | |||||
| wheki | Dicksonia squarrosa | Pteridaceae | |||||
| wheki-ponga | Dicksonia fibrosa | Pteridaceae |
References
- Metcalf (LJ): "The Cultivation of New Zealand Trees and Shrubs"; Poneke, Reed, 1972
- Fisher (ME), Satchell (E), Watkins (JM): "Gardening with New Zealand Plants Shrubs and Trees"; Akarana, Collins, 1982.
External links